Systems and Organizations

Organisation

Flow of information

Definition

1. Lewis H Haney: is a harmonious adjustments of specialized parts for the accomplishment of common purpose
2. Louis A Allen: process of identifying and grouping the work to be performed, defining and delegating the responsibility, establishing the relationship for the purpose of enabling the people to work most effectively together to accomplish the objectives
3. Grouping of activities and resources in a logical fashion

Types

• Formal
  • Structure of roles are formally organized
  • Most effective in decision making, use of resources, focused
• Informal
  • Organization that helps to accomplish the objectives in a indirect way
  • Eg: Situational leadership, Playing chess during lunch hours

Benefits

1. vision
2. planning
3. communication
4. logical flow of work activities
5. avoid conflict
6. effective decision making
7. Relationship
8. focus

Information Flow in Organization

• Model information flow
  • Operational level
  • knowledge level
  • management level
  • Strategic level
• Types of Information System
  • TPS: Transaction processing system
    • at operational level
    • computerized
  • KWS: Knowledge work systems
    • Office automation systems
    • Documentation
  • OAS: Office automation systems
    • documents, schedules
    • clerical
  • MIS: Management Information System
    • Integrated user-machine system for proving operations, support and decision making
    • communication, coordination, control analysis and visualization
    • Characteristics
      • serves at planning level
      • works on existing data
      • inflexible
      • analytical and helps in decision making
      • stable
      • lengthy
  • DSS: Decision support Systems
    • uses: Decision making
    • More sophisticated analysis
    • provide users flexibility
    • controls the whole process
  • ESS: Executive support systems
    • used by senior executives
    • Decision making
    • at strategic level

Relationship of systems

• Characteristics of Information processing systems

	Inputs	Processing Outputs	users
ESS
DSS
MIS
KWS
OAS
TPS

Systems

is the wholistic function of organization

• Sales and marketing systems
  • order processing
  • market analysis
  • pricing analysis
  • sales and forecasting
• Manufacturing and production systems
  • Machine control
  • Design (CAD)
  • production planning
  • Facilities location
• Finance and accounting systems
  • Accounts
  • portfolio analysis
  • Budgeting
  • profit planning
• human resource systems
  • Function responsible for attracting, developing and maintaining firm's work force
  • from strategic level to TPS

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